Can my grandchild claim Canadian citizenship?

Often, yes. Bill C-3 came into force on December 15, 2025 and removed the first-generation limit for people born before that date. A grandchild born abroad to a Canadian-by-descent parent before December 15, 2025 is in many cases already a Canadian citizen and can apply for proof. Children born abroad on or after that date need the Canadian parent to show at least 1,095 days of physical presence in Canada before the birth.

The date that matters

  • Born before December 15, 2025: the first-generation limit generally no longer applies, retroactively.
  • Born on or after December 15, 2025, outside Canada, to a parent who is Canadian by descent: the parent must have spent at least 1,095 days in Canada before the birth.

What the grandchild will need

  • Their own birth certificate naming their parents.
  • Their parent's birth certificate naming the Canadian grandparent.
  • Proof the grandparent was Canadian — birth, citizenship, or naturalization record.

Does the grandchild need to live in Canada?

No. Proof of citizenship by descent has no residency requirement.

Can I apply on behalf of a minor grandchild?

A parent or legal guardian applies for a minor child. Grandparents usually help by supplying their own Canadian records.

Sources

Canada Citizen Center is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.